A neutral hadron (see elementary particles) that is stable in the atomic nucleus but decays into a proton, an electron, and an antineutrino with a mean life of 12 minutes outside the nucleus. Its rest mass (symbol mn) is slightly greater than that of the proton, being 1.674 9286(10)×10−27 kg. Neutrons occur in all atomic nuclei except normal hydrogen. The neutron was first reported in 1932 by James Chadwick.
https://www.nature.com/physics/looking-back/chadwick/index.html Chadwick’s 1932 letter to Nature on the discovery of the neutron
http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royprsa/136/830/692.full.pdf Chadwick’s 1932 paper in Proceedings of the Royal Society