“significant figures”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

significant figures

Physics

The number of digits used in a number to specify its accuracy. The number 6.532 is a value taken to be accurate to four significant figures. The number 7.32×10³ is accurate only to three significant figures. Similarly 0.0732 is also only accurate to three significant figures. In these cases the zeros only indicate the order of magnitude of the number, whereas 7.065 is accurate to four significant figures as the zero in this case is significant in expressing the value of the number.

Mathematics

To count the number of significant figures in a given number, start with the first non-zero digit from the left and, moving to the right, count all the digits thereafter, counting final zeros if they are to the right of the decimal point. For example, 1.2048, 1.2040, 0.012048, 0.0012040 and 1204.0 all have 5 significant figures. In rounding or truncation of a number to n significant figures, the original is replaced by a number with n significant figures.

Note that final zeros to the left of the decimal point may or may not be significant: the number 1,204,000 has at least 4 significant figures, but without more information there is no way of knowing whether or not any more figures are significant. When 1,203,960 is rounded to 5 significant figures to give 1,204,000, an explanation that this has 5 significant figures is required. This could be made clear by writing it in scientific notation: 1.2040×10⁶.

To say that a = 1.2048 to 5 significant figures means that 1.20475≤a< 1.20485.

Chemical Engineering

The number of digits used to express the accuracy of a figure. For example, 1.032 is taken to be accurate to four significant figures whereas 12.3 is taken to be accurate to only three significant figures as is 0.003 24.

单词	significant figures
释义	significant figures Physics The number of digits used in a number to specify its accuracy. The number 6.532 is a value taken to be accurate to four significant figures. The number 7.32×10³ is accurate only to three significant figures. Similarly 0.0732 is also only accurate to three significant figures. In these cases the zeros only indicate the order of magnitude of the number, whereas 7.065 is accurate to four significant figures as the zero in this case is significant in expressing the value of the number. Mathematics To count the number of significant figures in a given number, start with the first non-zero digit from the left and, moving to the right, count all the digits thereafter, counting final zeros if they are to the right of the decimal point. For example, 1.2048, 1.2040, 0.012048, 0.0012040 and 1204.0 all have 5 significant figures. In rounding or truncation of a number to n significant figures, the original is replaced by a number with n significant figures. Note that final zeros to the left of the decimal point may or may not be significant: the number 1,204,000 has at least 4 significant figures, but without more information there is no way of knowing whether or not any more figures are significant. When 1,203,960 is rounded to 5 significant figures to give 1,204,000, an explanation that this has 5 significant figures is required. This could be made clear by writing it in scientific notation: 1.2040×10⁶. To say that a = 1.2048 to 5 significant figures means that 1.20475≤a< 1.20485. Chemical Engineering The number of digits used to express the accuracy of a figure. For example, 1.032 is taken to be accurate to four significant figures whereas 12.3 is taken to be accurate to only three significant figures as is 0.003 24.
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