“revolution”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

revolution

Mathematics

One complete turn of a full angle or a cycle of a periodic motion (see period).

Astronomy

The movement of one body in orbit around another, or around a common centre of mass, such as the monthly revolution of the Moon around the Earth or the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun. For artificial satellites, revolutions are counted relative to a given point on the planet’s surface. Because the Earth is rotating from west to east, a satellite in a west-to-east orbit takes slightly longer to complete one revolution of the Earth than to complete one orbit relative to a fixed point in space. Hence a spacecraft such as the International Space Station may make 16 orbits of the Earth in a day but only 15 revolutions.

Space Exploration

One complete journey of a spacecraft around the Earth. Although an orbit is measured by an imaginary point in space, a revolution is measured from an imaginary line on the Earth's surface (longitude 80° west for NASA's launch site at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida). Thus, a satellite travelling west to east, the direction the Earth turns, will take longer to complete a revolution than one heading east to west.

Philosophy

Any major social and political transformation, sufficient to replace old institutions and social relations, and to initiate new relations of power and authority. Revolutions may or may not be violent, progressive, the result of class conflict, initiated by revolutionary agents, or inevitable. See also Bakunin, Lenin, Marx. For scientific revolutions see Galilean world view, Kuhn, paradigm.

单词	revolution
释义	revolution Mathematics One complete turn of a full angle or a cycle of a periodic motion (see period). Astronomy The movement of one body in orbit around another, or around a common centre of mass, such as the monthly revolution of the Moon around the Earth or the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun. For artificial satellites, revolutions are counted relative to a given point on the planet’s surface. Because the Earth is rotating from west to east, a satellite in a west-to-east orbit takes slightly longer to complete one revolution of the Earth than to complete one orbit relative to a fixed point in space. Hence a spacecraft such as the International Space Station may make 16 orbits of the Earth in a day but only 15 revolutions. Space Exploration One complete journey of a spacecraft around the Earth. Although an orbit is measured by an imaginary point in space, a revolution is measured from an imaginary line on the Earth's surface (longitude 80° west for NASA's launch site at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida). Thus, a satellite travelling west to east, the direction the Earth turns, will take longer to complete a revolution than one heading east to west. Philosophy Any major social and political transformation, sufficient to replace old institutions and social relations, and to initiate new relations of power and authority. Revolutions may or may not be violent, progressive, the result of class conflict, initiated by revolutionary agents, or inevitable. See also Bakunin, Lenin, Marx. For scientific revolutions see Galilean world view, Kuhn, paradigm.
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