Governor of New France (1672–82; 1689–98). He fought with distinction in the Thirty Years War. During his first service in Canada, he strengthened the defences of the colony of New France and encouraged exploration, but clashed with Bishop Laval of Quebec and was recalled. Returning to Canada in 1689, he repulsed the New Englanders’ attack on Quebec in 1690 and reimposed French authority against the Iroquois in 1696.