“orbital velocity”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

orbital velocity

Physics

The speed of a satellite, spacecraft, or other body travelling in an orbit around the earth or around some other celestial body. If the orbit is elliptical, the orbital speed, v, is given by:

$v = \sqrt [g R^{2} (2 / r - 1 / a)],$

where g is the acceleration of free fall, R is the radius of the orbited body, a is the semimajor axis of the orbit, and r is the distance between the orbiting body and the centre of mass of the system. If the orbit is circular, r=a and v=√(gR²/r).

Astronomy

The velocity an object has at a given point in its orbit. Unless the orbit is circular, the object’s velocity continually changes in accordance with Kepler’s second law (see Kepler’s Laws). The velocity of an object defines not only speed but direction. The circular velocity of an object in a circular orbit is always perpendicular to the radius vector. An object moving faster than circular velocity will enter an elliptical orbit. Escape velocity puts the object into a parabolic orbit so that it departs from the body it was orbiting, never to return (see also Parabolic Velocity). Hyperbolic velocity is a velocity greater than escape velocity.

Space Exploration

The velocity required to place a spacecraft in Earth orbit, which is 28 000 kph. This escape velocity is required to overcome the Earth's gravitational force.

单词	orbital velocity
释义	orbital velocity Physics The speed of a satellite, spacecraft, or other body travelling in an orbit around the earth or around some other celestial body. If the orbit is elliptical, the orbital speed, v, is given by: $v = \sqrt [g R^{2} (2 / r - 1 / a)],$ where g is the acceleration of free fall, R is the radius of the orbited body, a is the semimajor axis of the orbit, and r is the distance between the orbiting body and the centre of mass of the system. If the orbit is circular, r=a and v=√(gR²/r). Astronomy The velocity an object has at a given point in its orbit. Unless the orbit is circular, the object’s velocity continually changes in accordance with Kepler’s second law (see Kepler’s Laws). The velocity of an object defines not only speed but direction. The circular velocity of an object in a circular orbit is always perpendicular to the radius vector. An object moving faster than circular velocity will enter an elliptical orbit. Escape velocity puts the object into a parabolic orbit so that it departs from the body it was orbiting, never to return (see also Parabolic Velocity). Hyperbolic velocity is a velocity greater than escape velocity. Space Exploration The velocity required to place a spacecraft in Earth orbit, which is 28 000 kph. This escape velocity is required to overcome the Earth's gravitational force.
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