A stratovolcano on Bali, Indonesia, which erupted violently in March 1963, emitting large quantities of gases and ash. Sulphate particles rose to 22–23 km, spread throughout the world within about six months, remained aloft for several years, and produced spectacular twilight displays of colour. The temperature in the lower stratosphere rose by 6–7 °C shortly after the eruption and surface temperatures were depressed by 0.18–1.3 °C for several years. The volcano erupted again in November 2017, following more than 800 volcanic earthquakes in September. A phreatic eruption (see phreatic activity) on 21 November sent ash to a height of about 3800 m and magmatic eruptions occurred on 25 and 26 November, after which the volcano subsided, although ash reached 2000 m on 8 December. The 2017 eruptions were rated VEI2 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index.