An extremely rare and typically short-lived event, usually associated with a regular meteor shower, during which rates exceed 1000 meteors/h. Such events can occur when the Earth runs through a meteor swarm, or a denser filament within a meteor stream, normally located relatively close to the parent body. For instance, the Leonid meteor storm of 2001 closely followed the passage of the parent comet, Tempel–Tuttle, through the descending node of the stream orbit, and resulted from recently ejected debris not yet dispersed into the main body of the stream.