“bottleneck”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

bottleneck

Chemical Engineering

A term used to describe a process or system whose performance or throughput is limited by the action of an item of process plant such as the performance of a pump or volume of a vessel. The term originates from the phenomenon of a liquid pouring freely from a bottle being limited by the restricted area at the bottleneck. A management tool is debottlenecking and is used to identify and eliminate such limitations thereby increasing plant production. See critical path analysis.

Computer

A point of congestion in a system. The congestion occurs when workloads arrive at that point more quickly than they can normally be handled; the result is often a queue and a longer processing time. Bottlenecks are commonly found in network interconnection, when a faster network is connected to a slower one. A bottleneck may also be the element of a system that consumes the greatest quantity of a resource that is needed by other elements in the system, thus slowing down the whole system’s execution.

Internet

Part of a network where data is held up or greatly delayed. There could be a number of reasons for a bottleneck, including heavy traffic being routed through a server.

Geology and Earth Sciences

A severe reduction in population size, often leading to a founder effect. Bottleneck events are commonly followed by rapid population expansion in which the rate of loss of new lineages is greatly reduced, giving rise to star phylogenies.

Economics

The effective constraint on the maximum speed or level of an activity. Its use in economics is a physical analogy to the maximum rate at which a liquid can be poured through the neck of a bottle. In production, transport, or administration, the effective constraint is often a shortage of some specific form of labour or some particular piece of equipment. A major role of efficient management is to observe and remedy bottlenecks as they arise, or still better to foresee them and take action in time to prevent them from emerging.

单词	bottleneck
释义	bottleneck Chemical Engineering A term used to describe a process or system whose performance or throughput is limited by the action of an item of process plant such as the performance of a pump or volume of a vessel. The term originates from the phenomenon of a liquid pouring freely from a bottle being limited by the restricted area at the bottleneck. A management tool is debottlenecking and is used to identify and eliminate such limitations thereby increasing plant production. See critical path analysis. Computer A point of congestion in a system. The congestion occurs when workloads arrive at that point more quickly than they can normally be handled; the result is often a queue and a longer processing time. Bottlenecks are commonly found in network interconnection, when a faster network is connected to a slower one. A bottleneck may also be the element of a system that consumes the greatest quantity of a resource that is needed by other elements in the system, thus slowing down the whole system’s execution. Internet Part of a network where data is held up or greatly delayed. There could be a number of reasons for a bottleneck, including heavy traffic being routed through a server. Geology and Earth Sciences A severe reduction in population size, often leading to a founder effect. Bottleneck events are commonly followed by rapid population expansion in which the rate of loss of new lineages is greatly reduced, giving rise to star phylogenies. Economics The effective constraint on the maximum speed or level of an activity. Its use in economics is a physical analogy to the maximum rate at which a liquid can be poured through the neck of a bottle. In production, transport, or administration, the effective constraint is often a shortage of some specific form of labour or some particular piece of equipment. A major role of efficient management is to observe and remedy bottlenecks as they arise, or still better to foresee them and take action in time to prevent them from emerging.
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