Symbol and name for a number of secret societies that flourished in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was the name adopted by a Serbian terrorist organization, founded in 1911 by Colonel Dimitrijevic largely from army officers, to liberate Serbs still under Habsburg or Turkish rule. It organized the assassination at Sarajevo of Archduke Francis Ferdinand (1914), an event that contributed to the outbreak of World War I. The name and symbol were adopted by organizations controlled by the Mafia in the USA and Italy, which used intimidation and murder to gain their ends.