“Madelung constant”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Madelung constant

Physics

A constant arising in calculations of the cohesion of ionic crystals. The electrostatic interaction per ion pair, U, is given by U(r)=−α‎e²/r, where α‎ is the Madelung constant and e ²/r is the Coulomb interaction between the ions, with r being the lattice constant. The value of α‎ depends on the type of lattice. For the sodium chloride lattice, α‎ has a value of about 1.75. To calculate cohesion, short-range repulsions with an inverse power law are included, i.e.

$U (r) = {α e}^{2} / r - C / r^{n},$

where C and n are constants. The value of α‎ can be used in calculations to determine C and n. A more realistic calculation uses exponential repulsion rather than power law repulsion. The constant was first introduced by the German physicist Erwin Madelung (1881–1972) in 1918.

Chemistry

A constant arising in calculations of the cohesion of ionic crystals. The electrostatic interaction per ion pair, U, is given by U(r)= –α‎e²/r, where α‎ is the Madelung constant and e²/r is the Coulomb interaction between the ions, with r being the lattice constant. The value of α‎ depends on the type of lattice. For the sodium chloride lattice, α‎ has a value of about 1.75. The Madelung constant is calculated using lattice sums. It is possible to calculate the cohesion of ionic crystals if short-range repulsions with an inverse power law are included, i.e.
$U (r) = α e^{2} / r - C / r^{n},$
where C and n are constants. The value of α‎ can be used in calculations to determine C and n. Short-range repulsion can be described more accurately by an exponential term. The Madelung constant was first calculated by Erwin Madelung (1881–1972) in 1918.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The sum of the mutual potential coulombic attraction energies of the ions in a crystal. The constant is used in the equation for lattice energy.

单词	Madelung constant
释义	Madelung constant Physics A constant arising in calculations of the cohesion of ionic crystals. The electrostatic interaction per ion pair, U, is given by U(r)=−α‎e²/r, where α‎ is the Madelung constant and e ²/r is the Coulomb interaction between the ions, with r being the lattice constant. The value of α‎ depends on the type of lattice. For the sodium chloride lattice, α‎ has a value of about 1.75. To calculate cohesion, short-range repulsions with an inverse power law are included, i.e. $U (r) = {α e}^{2} / r - C / r^{n},$ where C and n are constants. The value of α‎ can be used in calculations to determine C and n. A more realistic calculation uses exponential repulsion rather than power law repulsion. The constant was first introduced by the German physicist Erwin Madelung (1881–1972) in 1918. Chemistry A constant arising in calculations of the cohesion of ionic crystals. The electrostatic interaction per ion pair, U, is given by U(r)= –α‎e²/r, where α‎ is the Madelung constant and e²/r is the Coulomb interaction between the ions, with r being the lattice constant. The value of α‎ depends on the type of lattice. For the sodium chloride lattice, α‎ has a value of about 1.75. The Madelung constant is calculated using lattice sums. It is possible to calculate the cohesion of ionic crystals if short-range repulsions with an inverse power law are included, i.e. $U (r) = α e^{2} / r - C / r^{n},$ where C and n are constants. The value of α‎ can be used in calculations to determine C and n. Short-range repulsion can be described more accurately by an exponential term. The Madelung constant was first calculated by Erwin Madelung (1881–1972) in 1918. Geology and Earth Sciences The sum of the mutual potential coulombic attraction energies of the ions in a crystal. The constant is used in the equation for lattice energy.
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