Mutiny against the Bolshevik government of Russia. The Kronstadt naval garrison had enthusiastically supported the Bolsheviks in 1917, but in March 1921 the sailors rose against what they regarded as a Communist dictatorship, demanding political freedom and economic liberalism. The rising was brutally suppressed by Lenin, but the incident did cause a partial reassessment of economic planning along more progressive lines, with Lenin’s New Economic Policy of 1922.