“synchrotron radiation”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

synchrotron radiation

Physics

Electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by charged particles moving at relativistic speeds in circular orbits in a magnetic field. The rate of emission is inversely proportional to the product of the radius of curvature of the orbit and the fourth power of the mass of the particles. For this reason, synchrotron radiation is not a problem in the design of proton synchrotrons but it is significant in electron synchrotrons. The greater the circumference of a synchrotron, the less important is the loss of energy by synchrotron radiation. In storage rings, synchrotron radiation is the principal cause of energy loss.

However, since the 1950s it has been realized that synchrotron radiation is itself a very useful tool for studying the structure of matter, and many accelerator laboratories have research projects making use of the radiation on a secondary basis to the main high-energy research. The radiation used for these purposes is primarily in the ultraviolet and X-ray frequencies.

Much of the microwave radiation from celestial radio sources outside the Galaxy is believed to originate from electrons moving in curved paths in celestial magnetic fields; it is also called synchrotron radiation as it is analogous to the radiation occurring in a synchrotron. Synchrotron radiation is also predicted to exist for gravitational radiation.

http://als.lbl.gov/ Website of the Advanced Light Source facility at Berkeley

http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Home.html Website of the Diamond Light Source at Harwell

Astronomy

Electromagnetic radiation emitted by a charged particle (normally an electron) moving in a magnetic field at a velocity very close to that of light. It is similar to gyrosynchrotron radiation except that, because of the extreme velocity of the particle, the emission appears in a continuous spectrum extending over a very wide range of wavelengths. Examples of synchrotron sources are pulsars, supernova remnants, our Galaxy, and radio galaxies. It is sometimes also known as magnetobremsstrahlung.

Chemistry

Electromagnetic radiation produced when charged particles travel in a curved path. In a generator of synchrotron radiation, electrons are accelerated in a synchrotron and injected into a storage ring where they circulate at a constant energy. Radiation can be taken from the storage ring tangentially at various points around the ring. The advantage of this type of source is that it gives a narrow intense beam that is tunable to a particular wavelength over a whole range from infrared radiation to hard X-rays. Synchrotron radiation is used for a variety of studies including crystallography, X-ray scattering, and ionization experiments.

单词	synchrotron radiation
释义	synchrotron radiation Physics Electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by charged particles moving at relativistic speeds in circular orbits in a magnetic field. The rate of emission is inversely proportional to the product of the radius of curvature of the orbit and the fourth power of the mass of the particles. For this reason, synchrotron radiation is not a problem in the design of proton synchrotrons but it is significant in electron synchrotrons. The greater the circumference of a synchrotron, the less important is the loss of energy by synchrotron radiation. In storage rings, synchrotron radiation is the principal cause of energy loss. However, since the 1950s it has been realized that synchrotron radiation is itself a very useful tool for studying the structure of matter, and many accelerator laboratories have research projects making use of the radiation on a secondary basis to the main high-energy research. The radiation used for these purposes is primarily in the ultraviolet and X-ray frequencies. Much of the microwave radiation from celestial radio sources outside the Galaxy is believed to originate from electrons moving in curved paths in celestial magnetic fields; it is also called synchrotron radiation as it is analogous to the radiation occurring in a synchrotron. Synchrotron radiation is also predicted to exist for gravitational radiation. http://als.lbl.gov/ Website of the Advanced Light Source facility at Berkeley http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Home.html Website of the Diamond Light Source at Harwell Astronomy Electromagnetic radiation emitted by a charged particle (normally an electron) moving in a magnetic field at a velocity very close to that of light. It is similar to gyrosynchrotron radiation except that, because of the extreme velocity of the particle, the emission appears in a continuous spectrum extending over a very wide range of wavelengths. Examples of synchrotron sources are pulsars, supernova remnants, our Galaxy, and radio galaxies. It is sometimes also known as magnetobremsstrahlung. Chemistry Electromagnetic radiation produced when charged particles travel in a curved path. In a generator of synchrotron radiation, electrons are accelerated in a synchrotron and injected into a storage ring where they circulate at a constant energy. Radiation can be taken from the storage ring tangentially at various points around the ring. The advantage of this type of source is that it gives a narrow intense beam that is tunable to a particular wavelength over a whole range from infrared radiation to hard X-rays. Synchrotron radiation is used for a variety of studies including crystallography, X-ray scattering, and ionization experiments.
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