“multiplier”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

multiplier

Physics

A fixed resistance used with a voltmeter, usually a moving-coil instrument, to vary its range. Many voltmeters are provided with a series of multipliers from which the appropriate value can be selected. If the original instrument requires i amperes for full-scale deflection and the resistance of the moving coil is r ohms, the value R of the resistance of the multiplier required to give a full-scale deflection when a voltage V is applied across the terminals is given by R=V/i − r.

Computer

A specific part of an ALU that is used to perform the operation of multiplication. It is not always explicitly present in an ALU; for example, a multiplication can be accomplished by a sequence of additions and shifts under the direction of the control unit.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

1. See electron multiplier; photomultiplier.
2. A device that has two or more inputs and that produces an output of magnitude equal to the product of the magnitudes of the input signals.
3. A device or circuit, such as a frequency multiplier, that produces an output equal to a specified multiple of the input signal.

Geography

The economic consequence of an action, intended or otherwise. Once a location becomes established as a production centre, economies of agglomeration (which increase with increasing regional size) tend to give it permanent cost advantages over other locations. These scale and cost advantages are reinforced by the relatively higher wages paid to workers in the scale-intensive industries, which are thought to act, by means of a Keynesian income multiplier, as a stimulus to local markets, resulting in additional scale economies, which, in turn, lead to further growth of regional exports (Leichenko (2000) Econ. Geog. 76, 4).
Holloway and Kneafsey (2000) Sociologia Ruralis 40 argue that farmers’ markets provide a local multiplier effect. In services, Glückler (2005) Env. & Plan. A 37, 10 observes that continuous collaboration with a client may produce multiplier effects through client referrals and provide cheap access to new potential clients and future business. See Peck (2002) J. Econ. Geog. 2 on the multiplier effects of major factory closures: reduced demand, spending power, savings, and investment.

Economics

A formula relating an initial change in spending to the total change in activity which will result. The multiplier was central to the argument for demand management in Keynesian economics. It is based on the argument that an increase in government spending becomes income for consumers. Some of this income is saved but some is spent. The cycle is then repeated, resulting in the initial increase in expenditure being multiplied. See also balanced budget multiplier; money multiplier.

单词	multiplier
释义	multiplier Physics A fixed resistance used with a voltmeter, usually a moving-coil instrument, to vary its range. Many voltmeters are provided with a series of multipliers from which the appropriate value can be selected. If the original instrument requires i amperes for full-scale deflection and the resistance of the moving coil is r ohms, the value R of the resistance of the multiplier required to give a full-scale deflection when a voltage V is applied across the terminals is given by R=V/i − r. Computer A specific part of an ALU that is used to perform the operation of multiplication. It is not always explicitly present in an ALU; for example, a multiplication can be accomplished by a sequence of additions and shifts under the direction of the control unit. Electronics and Electrical Engineering 1. See electron multiplier; photomultiplier. 2. A device that has two or more inputs and that produces an output of magnitude equal to the product of the magnitudes of the input signals. 3. A device or circuit, such as a frequency multiplier, that produces an output equal to a specified multiple of the input signal. Geography The economic consequence of an action, intended or otherwise. Once a location becomes established as a production centre, economies of agglomeration (which increase with increasing regional size) tend to give it permanent cost advantages over other locations. These scale and cost advantages are reinforced by the relatively higher wages paid to workers in the scale-intensive industries, which are thought to act, by means of a Keynesian income multiplier, as a stimulus to local markets, resulting in additional scale economies, which, in turn, lead to further growth of regional exports (Leichenko (2000) Econ. Geog. 76, 4). Holloway and Kneafsey (2000) Sociologia Ruralis 40 argue that farmers’ markets provide a local multiplier effect. In services, Glückler (2005) Env. & Plan. A 37, 10 observes that continuous collaboration with a client may produce multiplier effects through client referrals and provide cheap access to new potential clients and future business. See Peck (2002) J. Econ. Geog. 2 on the multiplier effects of major factory closures: reduced demand, spending power, savings, and investment. Economics A formula relating an initial change in spending to the total change in activity which will result. The multiplier was central to the argument for demand management in Keynesian economics. It is based on the argument that an increase in government spending becomes income for consumers. Some of this income is saved but some is spent. The cycle is then repeated, resulting in the initial increase in expenditure being multiplied. See also balanced budget multiplier; money multiplier.
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