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单词 completeness
释义
completeness

Computer
  • The property or state of being logically or mathematically complete. In logic, an inference procedure is complete if it can derive every possible valid conclusion from the given axioms. A knowledge-based system can be considered incomplete if missing data hinders its operation or corrupts the results.


Logic
  • 1. (model-theoretic completeness) The property of a theory T holding whenever T is the theory of a model M with respect to a deductive system L, i.e., whenever there exists an L-model M such that T=ThL(M).

    2. (negation completeness) Describes theories T when for all formulae φ and a unary negation connective ¬, the following holds:

    either φT or ¬φT.

    3. For a logic L, the property that a corresponding semantic consequence relation L enjoys with respect to a syntactic consequence relation L when the extension of L is appropriately ‘included’ in that of L. When this inclusion is such that all sentences that are valid according to L are also theorems according to L (i.e., whatever is logically true is provable), it is said that L is weakly complete with respect to L. When the consequence relations for a logic L enjoy the stronger inclusion that whenever ΓLφ, also ΓLφ (i.e., ΓLφ entails that ΓLφ), it is said that L is strongly complete with respect to L.


Philosophy
  • Intuitively, a logical system is complete if everything that we want can be derived in it. Thus a formalization of logic is complete if all logically valid forms of argument are derivable in the system; a system designed to codify mathematical reasoning is complete if all mathematical truths can be derived in it, and so on. Although put like this the notion seems to be entirely informal, more precise definitions can be given. A logical system is complete in the sense introduced by Gödel if and only if all valid well-formed formulae are theorems of the system. In a stronger sense a system is complete if for any well-formed formula A, either A is a theorem, or the system would become inconsistent if A were added as an axiom. See Gödel’s theorem(s), model theory.


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