The largest city within a nation which dominates the country not solely in size—being more than twice as large as the second city, as in London and Birmingham, UK—but also in terms of influence. Wani Rashid and Kairkhar (2010) Int. J. Env. Sci. 2, 4 are downbeat on Srinagar, which they describe as a primate city. Tammarau (2000) Tijdschrift 91, 1 explores this concept in centrally planned, developed, and developing economies.