A series of eight Indonesian communication satellites. The first was launched in 1976 by the government-owned company Perumtel. The system was subsequently operated by Satelindo, a private Indonesian company established in 1993. Palapa B2, the fourth satellite, was launched by the space shuttle Discovery in February 1984 but failed to reach its proper orbit. The satellite was recovered by Discovery in November 1984 in the first satellite retrieval and repair, then relaunched in April 1990. The first of the third-generation Palapa C satellites was launched in 1996.