Two battles during the Thirty Years War, which take their name from a village near Leipzig. The first was fought on 17 September 1631, between Count Johannes Tilly’s Catholic forces and the Protestant army of Gustavus II (Adolphus) of Sweden. Despite an early advantage, Tilly’s traditional infantry squares were overwhelmed by the Swedes’ flexible linear tactics. Gustavus’s victory was the first major Protestant success of the war, and it announced the arrival of Sweden as a power on the European stage. The second battle, on 2 November 1642, ended in another Swedish victory.