“Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

Astronomy

A NASA space probe to Mars, launched in 2005 August. It entered polar orbit around Mars in 2006 March and used aerobraking to circularize its orbit. The mission’s main objectives are to look for evidence of past or present water, to study Martian weather and climate, and to identify landing sites for future missions. The Orbiter carries a wide-angle camera (CTX), a stereo imaging camera (HiRISE) capable of resolving details as small as 0.2 m wide, a camera to monitor clouds and dust storms (MARCI), and a visible/near-infrared spectrometer (CRISM) to examine the surface composition. Also on board is an infrared radiometer (MCS) to study the atmosphere, an accelerometer, and a shallow subsurface sounding radar (SHARAD) provided by the Italian Space Agency to search for underground water. The orbiter also served as a telecommunications link for subsequent missions.
http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mro/ Official mission website.

Space Exploration

A NASA space probe designed to conduct the most comprehensive inspection of Mars ever made, including searching for evidence that water persisted on the surface of the planet long enough to sustain life. Launched from Cape Canaveral on 12 August 2005, the craft arrived at Mars on 10 March 2006, when it began imaging the Martian landscapes in unprecedented detail, to a resolution of 0.2–0.3 m. The orbiter is also using radar to probe underground layers for water and ice (to determine the composition and origins of surface minerals, and track changes in atmospheric water and dust) and a spectrometer to identify types of water-related minerals.
Among its numerous discoveries, the orbiter has shown the possibility of liquid water being present seasonally on present-day Mars and, in October 2017, found evidence for a potential ‘cradle of life’, namely ancient sea-floor hydrothermal deposits that may offer clues about the origin of life on Earth—because the earliest evidence of life on Earth comes from seafloor deposits of similar origin and age, but the geological record of those early Earth environments is poorly preserved.
To date the orbiter has rounded the planet more than 45 000 times, taking more than 25 000 images and 3 500 radar observations. The mission has returned more total data than produced by all previous Mars missions combined. The orbiter laid the groundwork for later Mars surface missions, such as the Phoenix lander and the Mars Science Laboratory rover.
An artist's concept of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter at Mars, using its Shallow Subsurface Radar instrument (SHARAD) to 'look' under the surface of Mars. The radar instrument seeks liquid or frozen water within the first few hundred feet (up to a kilometre) under the Martian surface.
Credit: NASA/JPL

单词	Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
释义	Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Astronomy A NASA space probe to Mars, launched in 2005 August. It entered polar orbit around Mars in 2006 March and used aerobraking to circularize its orbit. The mission’s main objectives are to look for evidence of past or present water, to study Martian weather and climate, and to identify landing sites for future missions. The Orbiter carries a wide-angle camera (CTX), a stereo imaging camera (HiRISE) capable of resolving details as small as 0.2 m wide, a camera to monitor clouds and dust storms (MARCI), and a visible/near-infrared spectrometer (CRISM) to examine the surface composition. Also on board is an infrared radiometer (MCS) to study the atmosphere, an accelerometer, and a shallow subsurface sounding radar (SHARAD) provided by the Italian Space Agency to search for underground water. The orbiter also served as a telecommunications link for subsequent missions. http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mro/ Official mission website. Space Exploration A NASA space probe designed to conduct the most comprehensive inspection of Mars ever made, including searching for evidence that water persisted on the surface of the planet long enough to sustain life. Launched from Cape Canaveral on 12 August 2005, the craft arrived at Mars on 10 March 2006, when it began imaging the Martian landscapes in unprecedented detail, to a resolution of 0.2–0.3 m. The orbiter is also using radar to probe underground layers for water and ice (to determine the composition and origins of surface minerals, and track changes in atmospheric water and dust) and a spectrometer to identify types of water-related minerals. Among its numerous discoveries, the orbiter has shown the possibility of liquid water being present seasonally on present-day Mars and, in October 2017, found evidence for a potential ‘cradle of life’, namely ancient sea-floor hydrothermal deposits that may offer clues about the origin of life on Earth—because the earliest evidence of life on Earth comes from seafloor deposits of similar origin and age, but the geological record of those early Earth environments is poorly preserved. To date the orbiter has rounded the planet more than 45 000 times, taking more than 25 000 images and 3 500 radar observations. The mission has returned more total data than produced by all previous Mars missions combined. The orbiter laid the groundwork for later Mars surface missions, such as the Phoenix lander and the Mars Science Laboratory rover. An artist's concept of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter at Mars, using its Shallow Subsurface Radar instrument (SHARAD) to 'look' under the surface of Mars. The radar instrument seeks liquid or frozen water within the first few hundred feet (up to a kilometre) under the Martian surface. Credit: NASA/JPL
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