“tunnel effect”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

tunnel effect

Physics

An effect in which electrons are able to tunnel through a narrow potential barrier that would constitute a forbidden region if the electrons were treated as classical particles. That there is a finite probability of an electron tunnelling from one classically allowed region to another arises as a consequence of quantum mechanics. The effect is made use of in the tunnel diode. Alpha decay (see alpha particle) is an example of a tunnelling process.

Chemistry

An effect in which electrons and other particles are able to tunnel through a narrow potential barrier that would constitute a forbidden region if the electrons were treated as classical particles. That there is a finite probability of an electron tunnelling from one classically allowed region to another arises as a consequence of quantum mechanics. The effect is made use of in the tunnel diode.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

1. The crossing of a potential barrier by a particle that does not have sufficient kinetic energy to surmount it. The effect is explained by wave mechanics. Each particle has an associated wave function that describes the probability of finding the particle at a particular point in space. As a particle approaches the potential barrier the wave function is considered to extend inside the region of the potential barrier. Provided that the barrier is not infinitely thick a small but finite probability exists that the particle will appear on the other side of the barrier. As the thickness of the barrier decreases the probability of tunnelling through it increases. The tunnel effect is the basis of field emission and the tunnel diode. See also quantum mechanics.
2. The encapsulation of a packet from one protocol within the data payload of a packet from another protocol. This can allow nodes to use one protocol stack to communicate, even though the intermediate nodes only recognize another set of protocols.

单词	tunnel effect
释义	tunnel effect Physics An effect in which electrons are able to tunnel through a narrow potential barrier that would constitute a forbidden region if the electrons were treated as classical particles. That there is a finite probability of an electron tunnelling from one classically allowed region to another arises as a consequence of quantum mechanics. The effect is made use of in the tunnel diode. Alpha decay (see alpha particle) is an example of a tunnelling process. Chemistry An effect in which electrons and other particles are able to tunnel through a narrow potential barrier that would constitute a forbidden region if the electrons were treated as classical particles. That there is a finite probability of an electron tunnelling from one classically allowed region to another arises as a consequence of quantum mechanics. The effect is made use of in the tunnel diode. Electronics and Electrical Engineering 1. The crossing of a potential barrier by a particle that does not have sufficient kinetic energy to surmount it. The effect is explained by wave mechanics. Each particle has an associated wave function that describes the probability of finding the particle at a particular point in space. As a particle approaches the potential barrier the wave function is considered to extend inside the region of the potential barrier. Provided that the barrier is not infinitely thick a small but finite probability exists that the particle will appear on the other side of the barrier. As the thickness of the barrier decreases the probability of tunnelling through it increases. The tunnel effect is the basis of field emission and the tunnel diode. See also quantum mechanics. 2. The encapsulation of a packet from one protocol within the data payload of a packet from another protocol. This can allow nodes to use one protocol stack to communicate, even though the intermediate nodes only recognize another set of protocols.
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