“black body”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

black body

Physics

A hypothetical body that absorbs all the radiation falling on it. It thus has an absorptance and an emissivity of 1. While a true black body is an imaginary concept, a small hole in the wall of an enclosure at uniform temperature is the nearest approach that can be made to it in practice.

Black-body radiation is the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body. It extends over the whole range of wavelengths and the distribution of energy over this range has a characteristic form with a maximum at a certain wavelength. The position of the maximum depends on temperature, moving to shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature. See Planck’s radiation law; Stefan’s law; Wien’s displacement law.

Astronomy

An imaginary object that is a perfect absorber of radiation (and also a perfect emitter) at all wavelengths. The wavelength at which a black body emits the peak of its radiation depends solely on its temperature.

Chemical Engineering

Used in heat transfer to describe a body that absorbs all the thermal radiation falling upon it. A black body is noted for having an absorptivity of one and a reflectivity of zero. The emissive power of a black body is dependent on the temperature and proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature. Black body radiation is the (p. 37) electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by a black body, which extends across the range of wavelengths. The intensity of energy rises to a maximum, the wavelength of which is dependent on the temperature (see Fig. 8). The wavelength decreases with increasing temperature. See stefan–boltzmann constant.
Fig. 8

Geology and Earth Sciences

A body which absorbs electromagnetic energy perfectly. If the body remains at constant temperature then it also radiates electromagnetic radiation perfectly in equilibrium with that which it absorbs. See also stefan–boltzmann law.

单词	black body
释义	black body Physics A hypothetical body that absorbs all the radiation falling on it. It thus has an absorptance and an emissivity of 1. While a true black body is an imaginary concept, a small hole in the wall of an enclosure at uniform temperature is the nearest approach that can be made to it in practice. Black-body radiation is the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body. It extends over the whole range of wavelengths and the distribution of energy over this range has a characteristic form with a maximum at a certain wavelength. The position of the maximum depends on temperature, moving to shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature. See Planck’s radiation law; Stefan’s law; Wien’s displacement law. Astronomy An imaginary object that is a perfect absorber of radiation (and also a perfect emitter) at all wavelengths. The wavelength at which a black body emits the peak of its radiation depends solely on its temperature. Chemical Engineering Used in heat transfer to describe a body that absorbs all the thermal radiation falling upon it. A black body is noted for having an absorptivity of one and a reflectivity of zero. The emissive power of a black body is dependent on the temperature and proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature. Black body radiation is the (p. 37) electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by a black body, which extends across the range of wavelengths. The intensity of energy rises to a maximum, the wavelength of which is dependent on the temperature (see Fig. 8). The wavelength decreases with increasing temperature. See stefan–boltzmann constant. Fig. 8 Geology and Earth Sciences A body which absorbs electromagnetic energy perfectly. If the body remains at constant temperature then it also radiates electromagnetic radiation perfectly in equilibrium with that which it absorbs. See also stefan–boltzmann law.
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