Those properties resulting from the interaction of the behavioural, biological, chemical, physical, and social factors that impact on living organisms. Colwell (1998) BioScience 48, 786 defines biocomplexity as ‘the study of the complex chemical biological, and social interactions in our planet’s systems’. Duvall (2011) AAAG 101, 3, 497 uses this term to indicate a focus on a biophysical system in which humans are integral. Cadenasso (2006) Ecol. Complexity 3, 1, 1 presents a thorough review of definitions.