and the only American woman to serve aboard Mir. She flew five space shuttle missions 1985–96, including the Atlantis mission in 1989 to deploy the space probe Galileo. Her last flight, launched in March 1996, delivered her to the Mir space station for a mission during which she clocked 188 days in space, the most time by a female and by any US astronaut on a single mission at that time. Her total time in space of 223 days was once a US record. Lucid was selected as a mission specialist astronaut in 1978. She retired from NASA in 2012.