New forms of geographical knowledge, using the World Wide Web and created by the collective actions of many individuals and processed and displayed online, rather in the way that bird counts have used volunteers to conduct a census of birds in the Western Hemisphere since 1900. These neogeographical data range from place tags on virtual globes to GPS data that can be mapped and combined with other data to create large, dynamic, open datasets. Connors et al (2012) AAAG 102, 6, 1267 have a long and detailed survey, with many case studies.