“three-body problem”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

three-body problem

Physics

See many-body problem.

Mathematics

The motion of two massive particles, being acted on by gravity, was resolved by Newton when he showed that a planet travels in an ellipse around the sun. However the motion of three (or more) massive particles cannot be described using elementary functions. Further, the motion of the three bodies is generally non-repeating and chaotic. Nonetheless, between 1907 and 1912, the Finnish mathematician Karl Sundman provided a solution to the problem in terms of infinite series.

Astronomy

The mathematical problem of finding the positions and velocities of three massive bodies that attract each other gravitationally for any time in the past or future, given their positions, masses, and velocities at a starting time. No general mathematical solution has been found, but certain general results are known, namely that the system’s centre of mass travels with constant velocity; the total energy of the system is constant; and the total angular momentum of the system also does not alter. See also n-body problem; restricted three-body problem.

Chemistry

See many-body problem.

单词	three-body problem
释义	three-body problem Physics See many-body problem. Mathematics The motion of two massive particles, being acted on by gravity, was resolved by Newton when he showed that a planet travels in an ellipse around the sun. However the motion of three (or more) massive particles cannot be described using elementary functions. Further, the motion of the three bodies is generally non-repeating and chaotic. Nonetheless, between 1907 and 1912, the Finnish mathematician Karl Sundman provided a solution to the problem in terms of infinite series. Astronomy The mathematical problem of finding the positions and velocities of three massive bodies that attract each other gravitationally for any time in the past or future, given their positions, masses, and velocities at a starting time. No general mathematical solution has been found, but certain general results are known, namely that the system’s centre of mass travels with constant velocity; the total energy of the system is constant; and the total angular momentum of the system also does not alter. See also n-body problem; restricted three-body problem. Chemistry See many-body problem.
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