“astronomy”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

astronomy

Physics

The study of the universe beyond the earth’s atmosphere. The main branches are astrometry, celestial mechanics, and astrophysics.

Astronomy

The study of the space beyond the Earth and its contents; phenomena in the Earth’s upper atmosphere that have their origin in space, such as aurorae and meteors, are also included. Before the application of the telescope to astronomy early in the seventeenth century, astronomy was concerned purely with measuring the positions and movements of celestial bodies, a branch now known as astrometry. The realization in the seventeenth century that gravitation governed the movements of celestial bodies led to mathematical methods for calculating orbits, now known as celestial mechanics. In the nineteenth century the development of spectroscopy, by which the composition of bodies could be determined by analysing their light, marked the birth of astrophysics. The recognition in the twentieth century that galaxies exist outside our own and the discovery of the expansion of the Universe gave rise to modern cosmology, which deals with the origin and evolution of the Universe.

Space Exploration

The science of the celestial bodies: the Sun, the Moon, and the planets; the stars and galaxies; and all other objects in the universe. It is concerned with their positions, motions, distances, and physical conditions and with their origins and evolution. Astronomy thus divides into fields such as astrophysics, celestial mechanics, and cosmology. See also gamma-ray astronomy, infrared astronomy, radio astronomy, ultraviolet astronomy, and x-ray astronomy.
The powers of astronomy to explore the universe have been greatly extended by the use of rockets, satellites, space stations, and space probes. Even the range and accuracy of the conventional telescope may be greatly improved free from the Earth's atmosphere. When the USA launched the Hubble Space Telescope into permanent orbit in 1990, it was the most powerful optical telescope yet constructed, with a 2.4-m mirror. It detects celestial phenomena seven times more distant (up to 14 billion light years) than any Earth-based telescope.

单词	astronomy
释义	astronomy Physics The study of the universe beyond the earth’s atmosphere. The main branches are astrometry, celestial mechanics, and astrophysics. Astronomy The study of the space beyond the Earth and its contents; phenomena in the Earth’s upper atmosphere that have their origin in space, such as aurorae and meteors, are also included. Before the application of the telescope to astronomy early in the seventeenth century, astronomy was concerned purely with measuring the positions and movements of celestial bodies, a branch now known as astrometry. The realization in the seventeenth century that gravitation governed the movements of celestial bodies led to mathematical methods for calculating orbits, now known as celestial mechanics. In the nineteenth century the development of spectroscopy, by which the composition of bodies could be determined by analysing their light, marked the birth of astrophysics. The recognition in the twentieth century that galaxies exist outside our own and the discovery of the expansion of the Universe gave rise to modern cosmology, which deals with the origin and evolution of the Universe. Space Exploration The science of the celestial bodies: the Sun, the Moon, and the planets; the stars and galaxies; and all other objects in the universe. It is concerned with their positions, motions, distances, and physical conditions and with their origins and evolution. Astronomy thus divides into fields such as astrophysics, celestial mechanics, and cosmology. See also gamma-ray astronomy, infrared astronomy, radio astronomy, ultraviolet astronomy, and x-ray astronomy. The powers of astronomy to explore the universe have been greatly extended by the use of rockets, satellites, space stations, and space probes. Even the range and accuracy of the conventional telescope may be greatly improved free from the Earth's atmosphere. When the USA launched the Hubble Space Telescope into permanent orbit in 1990, it was the most powerful optical telescope yet constructed, with a 2.4-m mirror. It detects celestial phenomena seven times more distant (up to 14 billion light years) than any Earth-based telescope.
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