A Korean kingdom that gave its name to the whole country. From 986 its kings ruled a united Korea from their Chinese-style capital, Kaesong. Chinese influence was strong in the administration of the kingdom and Buddhism flourished. A period of disorder in the 12th century was checked after 1196 by military families with powers similar to those of the Japanese shogunate. Tributary to the Song, Koryo also had to pay tribute to the Liao and Jin. After 1231 the Mongols repeatedly invaded and despoiled Koryo, which later depended entirely on Yuan support. After the overthrow of the Yuan, a Koryo general, Yi Song-gye, seized Kaesong and in 1392 established the Yi dynasty.