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单词 ampliation
释义
ampliation

Logic
  • In medieval logic, the way that certain modal qualifiers function to expand the domain of quantification (as we would now put it). Thus ‘all men are mortal’ is true if each existent man is mortal. ‘All men will be mortal’ is true if everything that is or will be a man will be mortal. ‘All men were mortal’ is true if everything that is or was a man was mortal. ‘All men could be mortal’ is true if all things that are or could be men (including possibilia) could be mortal. Intentional verbs can also ampliate. Thus, for ‘I hold a’ to be true, a has to be an existent thing but for ‘I am thinking of a’ to be true a can be anything that is imaginable. Some thinkers took this to include impossibilia (such as a chimera—something with an impossible essence). The opposite of ampliation is restriction. Thus, in ‘all the coins in my pocket are pennies’ the ‘in my pocket’ restricts the range of ‘all the coins’ to those in my pocket.


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