The treaty that concluded the War of the Austrian Succession. It restored conquered territory to its original owners, with a few exceptions. The terms were drawn up by the British and French and reluctantly accepted by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, who had to abandon Silesia to Frederick II of Prussia. In Italy Don Philip, the younger son of Philip V of Spain, received Parma. This treaty was a temporary truce in the Anglo‐French conflict in India and North America. In North America colonists unwillingly ceded the French fortress of Louisburg, in order to secure the return of Madras to Britain. Prussia’s rise to the rank of a great power was strongly resented by Austria. The treaty left many issues of conflict unresolved and war (the Seven Years War) broke out again eight years later.