Italian instrument aboard the NASA Juno spacecraft, and the second image spectrometer to explore Jupiter after the Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer on the NASA Galileo mission; it is the first Italian instrument of this kind to be sent to Jupiter. JIRAM is designed to probe the upper layers of Jupiter’s atmosphere down to pressures of 5–7 bars (72–102 pounds/square inch) at infrared wavelengths in the 2–5-micron interval. It belongs to a family of image spectrometers, which are currently flying on many missions: VIRTIS on-board Rosetta and Venus Express; VIR on-board Dawn; and VIMS on Cassini.