“stratosphere”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

stratosphere

Physics

See earth’s atmosphere.

Astronomy

The layer of the Earth’s atmosphere immediately above the troposphere, extending to the mesosphere (i.e. between altitudes of 10–15 km and 50 km). In contrast with those in the troposphere, temperatures in the stratosphere rise with increasing altitude, thus suppressing convection. The concentration of water vapour in the stratosphere is low, and clouds are rare. During the winter months, nacreous or polar stratospheric clouds may occasionally form at high latitudes, around altitudes of 15–30 km. The ozone layer lies in the lower part of the stratosphere.

Biology

The layer of the earth’s atmosphere that lies above the troposphere and extends to about 50 km above the earth’s surface. The temperature within the stratosphere remains fairly constant but can rise in the upper regions of this layer due to absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone. See ozone layer.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The atmospheric layer above the troposphere, which extends on average from about 10 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface. The stratosphere is a major stable layer whose base is marked by the tropopause, and where temperatures overall average approximately −60 °C. Temperature in the lower stratosphere is isothermal but increases markedly in the upper part, to reach a maximum of about 0 °C at the stratopause. High stratospheric temperatures result from absorption of ultraviolet radiation (0.20–0.32 μ‎m wavelengths) by ozone concentrated at 15–30 km. Due to the very low air density, even the small amount of ozone concentrated in the upper stratosphere is extremely effective in absorbing radiation, thus giving high temperatures at 50 km. The isothermal condition at the base of the stratospheric inversion layer creates stability, which generally limits vertical extensions of cloud and leads to the lateral spreading of high cumulonimbus cloud with characteristic anvil heads. See also atmospheric structure.

Geography

A layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, above the troposphere, 50 km thick. See Cohen et al. (2007) J. Climato. 20, 21 on stratosphere–troposphere interaction events.

单词	stratosphere
释义	stratosphere Physics See earth’s atmosphere. Astronomy The layer of the Earth’s atmosphere immediately above the troposphere, extending to the mesosphere (i.e. between altitudes of 10–15 km and 50 km). In contrast with those in the troposphere, temperatures in the stratosphere rise with increasing altitude, thus suppressing convection. The concentration of water vapour in the stratosphere is low, and clouds are rare. During the winter months, nacreous or polar stratospheric clouds may occasionally form at high latitudes, around altitudes of 15–30 km. The ozone layer lies in the lower part of the stratosphere. Biology The layer of the earth’s atmosphere that lies above the troposphere and extends to about 50 km above the earth’s surface. The temperature within the stratosphere remains fairly constant but can rise in the upper regions of this layer due to absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone. See ozone layer. Geology and Earth Sciences The atmospheric layer above the troposphere, which extends on average from about 10 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface. The stratosphere is a major stable layer whose base is marked by the tropopause, and where temperatures overall average approximately −60 °C. Temperature in the lower stratosphere is isothermal but increases markedly in the upper part, to reach a maximum of about 0 °C at the stratopause. High stratospheric temperatures result from absorption of ultraviolet radiation (0.20–0.32 μ‎m wavelengths) by ozone concentrated at 15–30 km. Due to the very low air density, even the small amount of ozone concentrated in the upper stratosphere is extremely effective in absorbing radiation, thus giving high temperatures at 50 km. The isothermal condition at the base of the stratospheric inversion layer creates stability, which generally limits vertical extensions of cloud and leads to the lateral spreading of high cumulonimbus cloud with characteristic anvil heads. See also atmospheric structure. Geography A layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, above the troposphere, 50 km thick. See Cohen et al. (2007) J. Climato. 20, 21 on stratosphere–troposphere interaction events.
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