Capitalism is an imperfect system, which creates problems that need fixing. For example, over-accumulation can result in surpluses, dumping, idle capacity, lack of investment opportunities, and unemployment. The capitalist system fixes these problems by developing new (temporal) sites (spatial) that can absorb surplus labour and/or capital. In other words, spatio-temporal fix is ‘a metaphor for a particular kind of solution to capitalist crises through temporal deferral and geographical expansion’ (D. Harvey 2003).