A massive, fine-grained, granoblastic contact metamorphic rock (see contact metamorphism), commonly displaying conchoidal fracture and splintery debris. Heat from an igneous intrusion initiates recrystallization of surrounding rocks, thereby producing a contact metamorphic hornfels which is usually finer-grained than the country rocks. Hornfelses formed by recrystallization of shales, and occurring away from the contact with the igneous body, quite often develop prominent graphite-rich spots formed by the aggregation of organic material in the original shales.