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单词 Wollstonecraft, Mary (1759–97)
释义
Wollstonecraft, Mary (1759–97)

Philosophy
  • and feminist. Largely self-taught, in 1787, after the failure of the nonconformist school she had founded, she published Thoughts on the Education of Daughters. She became a member of a radical group including Paine, Godwin, and the painter Fuseli (1741–1825). In 1796 after a prolonged and unhappy affair with the American Gilbert Imlay, she married William Godwin, by whom she was pregnant, but died ten days after the birth of their daughter Mary (later Mary Shelley, author of Frankenstein). Her most important works were A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790), an answer to Burke’s conservative reaction to the French revolution, and the groundbreaking Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792), a direct challenge to Rousseau’s assumptions of feminine inferiority. Her feminism was deeply founded on a radical nonconformist and egalitarian social philosophy; something of her attitude to manly virtue can be inferred from her description of an army corps as a ‘chain of despots, who, submitting and tyrannizing without exercising their reason, become dead weights of vice and folly on the community’. Other works include The Female Reader (1789) and History and Moral View of the Origins and Progress of the French Revolution (1793).

    http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/woll.htm A brief biography of Wollstonecraft, with a bibliography

    http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/w#a84 An archive of Wollstonecraft’s writings


World History
  • She was associated with a radical circle known as the ‘English Jacobins’, whose members included Thomas Paine and William Godwin. In 1790 she published A Vindication of the Rights of Man in reply to Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France. Her best‐known work, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), defied Jean‐Jacques Rousseau’s assumptions about male superiority and championed educational equality for women. In 1797 she married Godwin and died shortly after giving birth to their daughter Mary, who became the wife of the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley.


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