The velocity (v m/s) of sound waves in water is dependent on temperature (T °C) and salinity (S parts per thousand), and can be calculated for any depth (Z) using the formula v = 1449 + 4.6T − 0.055T2 + 0.0003T3 + (1.39 − 0.012T)(S − 35) + 0.017Z.
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