A technique used to control the temperature in an exothermic reaction in which cold fresh feed is added to the reaction mixture in a tubular flow reactor or a cascade of continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR). It is used to overcome limitations in conversion due to chemical equilibria. It also avoids the need for a heat exchanger. It is typically used for high-pressure processes such as ammonia synthesis. This reduces the total volume of the reaction vessel since interstage heat exchangers are not required.