“regolith”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

regolith

Astronomy

A layer of loose and broken rock and dust on a planetary surface. It is analogous to a soil, but has no biological content. The lunar regolith, 5–15 m deep, is formed by meteoritic and micrometeoritic bombardment. Mercury is thought to have a regolith produced by the same process, whereas on Mars the regolith may include deposits from the erosional effects of wind and ice, and volcanic ash. See also megaregolith.

Geology and Earth Sciences

1. General term for the layer of unconsolidated (non-cemented), weathered material, including rock fragments, mineral grains, and all other superficial deposits, that rests on unaltered, solid bedrock. It reaches its maximum development in the humid tropics, where depths of several hundreds of metres of weathered rock are found. Its lower limit is the weathering front. Soil is regolith that often contains organic material and is able to support rooted plants. Compare saprolite.
2. The continuous layer of incoherent fragmental material, produced by meteorite impact, that typically forms the surface blanket on planets, satellites, and asteroids where the atmosphere is thin or lacking. The classic example is the lunar regolith, typically several metres thick, with components ranging from metre-sized blocks to micron-sized dust and glass particles.

Geography

Derived predominantly from rocks, regolith consists of detritus and chemically altered residues of physically and/or chemically altered components of rocks, as well as many new minerals precipitated during the chemical alteration of parent rocks (Taylor in A. S. Goudie and K. A. Gregory 2011). The depth of the regolith varies with the intensity and duration of the weathering process; within the tropics it may be hundreds of metres deep. Soil is simply regolith with added organic material.

单词	regolith
释义	regolith Astronomy A layer of loose and broken rock and dust on a planetary surface. It is analogous to a soil, but has no biological content. The lunar regolith, 5–15 m deep, is formed by meteoritic and micrometeoritic bombardment. Mercury is thought to have a regolith produced by the same process, whereas on Mars the regolith may include deposits from the erosional effects of wind and ice, and volcanic ash. See also megaregolith. Geology and Earth Sciences 1. General term for the layer of unconsolidated (non-cemented), weathered material, including rock fragments, mineral grains, and all other superficial deposits, that rests on unaltered, solid bedrock. It reaches its maximum development in the humid tropics, where depths of several hundreds of metres of weathered rock are found. Its lower limit is the weathering front. Soil is regolith that often contains organic material and is able to support rooted plants. Compare saprolite. 2. The continuous layer of incoherent fragmental material, produced by meteorite impact, that typically forms the surface blanket on planets, satellites, and asteroids where the atmosphere is thin or lacking. The classic example is the lunar regolith, typically several metres thick, with components ranging from metre-sized blocks to micron-sized dust and glass particles. Geography Derived predominantly from rocks, regolith consists of detritus and chemically altered residues of physically and/or chemically altered components of rocks, as well as many new minerals precipitated during the chemical alteration of parent rocks (Taylor in A. S. Goudie and K. A. Gregory 2011). The depth of the regolith varies with the intensity and duration of the weathering process; within the tropics it may be hundreds of metres deep. Soil is simply regolith with added organic material.
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