A cubic equation of state based on the van der Waals’ equation of state used to describe the behaviour of real gases:
The constants a and b are determined from the critical point data of the gas. The compressibility factor at the critical point is equal to one-third. The equation was developed by Austrian chemist Otto Redlich (1896–1978) and Joseph Neng Shun Kwong in 1949. The equation was further developed and modified by Pitzer, Wilson, and Soave to improve the predictability of gas behaviour. See soave–redlich–kwong (srk) equation of state.