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单词 radiation pressure
释义
radiation pressure

Physics
  • The pressure exerted on a surface by electromagnetic radiation. As radiation carries momentum as well as energy, it exerts a force when it meets a surface, i.e. the photons transfer momentum when they strike the surface. The pressure is usually negligible on large bodies; for example, the pressure of radiation from the sun on the surface of the earth is of the order of 10−5 pascal. But on small bodies it can have a considerable effect, driving them away from the radiation source. The fact that the tail of a comet always points away from the sun is an example of this. Radiation pressure is also important in stars of very high mass.


Astronomy
  • A small force exerted by photons of electromagnetic radiation on an illuminated surface. Radiation pressure is inconsequential for large bodies, but it can have a significant effect on small particles in orbit around the Sun. Zodiacal cloud dust particles with diameter less than 1 μ‎m are pushed outwards from the Sun by radiation pressure, countering the Poynting–Robertson effect which leads to orbital decay of larger particles. Radiation pressure also affects small dust particles in comet tails.


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