The social process which has resulted in certain occupations, such as nursing, being regarded as women’s work. Watson and Stratford (2008) Soc. & Cult. Geog. 9, 4 suggest that the feminization of HIV/AIDS invokes an ethic of care for women and their dependants in situations where risk means both hazard and vulnerability.

This term is also used to describe the increasing presence and influence of women in previously male-dominated occupations or institutions (see D. Perrons 2004). Gallo (2006) Glob. Netwks 6, 4 explores the relationship between a ‘feminization of migration’ and the construction of masculine identities among migrants from Kerala. See Kodras and Jones (1991) Geoforum 22, 2, 159 on the feminization of poverty.