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单词 quantum wire
释义
quantum wire

Physics
  • A linear conductor that is narrow enough for quantum effects to affect the resistance. If the wire diameter is small then the electrons have quantized energy levels for motion perpendicular to the axis (as for a particle in a box). Consequently the resistance of the wire is also quantized. Carbon nanotubes have been investigated as practical implementations of quantum wires.


Electronics and Electrical Engineering
  • A semiconductor structure in which the electron population is constrained in a two-dimensional quantum well, resulting in only one degree of freedom for the electrons. Such structures can be made using nanotechnology: molecular beam epitaxy can be used to produce quantum confinement in one dimension, and etching is used to create a stripe of semiconductor narrow enough to produce size quantization. Quantum wires display interesting electron-transport properties characteristic of highly quantized systems. See also quantum dot; nanoelectronics.


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