“pressure”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

pressure

Physics

The force acting normally on unit area of a surface or the ratio of force to area. It is measured in pascals in SI units. Absolute pressure is pressure measured on a gauge that reads zero at zero pressure rather than at atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure is measured on a gauge that reads zero at atmospheric pressure.

Mathematics

Force per unit area. The simplest situation to consider is when a force is uniformly distributed over a plane surface, the direction of the force being perpendicular to the surface. Suppose that a rectangular box, of length a and width b, has weight mg. Then the area of the base is ab, and the gravitational force creates a pressure of mg/(ab) acting at each point of the ground on which the box rests.

Now consider a liquid of density ρ‎ at rest. The weight of liquid supported by a horizontal surface of area Δ‎A situated at a depth h is ρ‎(Δ‎A)hg. The resulting pressure (in excess of atmospheric pressure) at each point of this horizontal surface at a depth h is ρ‎gh. More general analysis, involving elemental regions, defines pressure as a scalar field in the liquid as a function of position and time.

Pressure has dimensions ML⁻¹ T⁻², and the SI unit of measurement is the pascal.

Chemistry

The force acting normally on unit area of a surface or the ratio of force to area. It is measured in pascals in SI units. Absolute pressure is pressure measured on a gauge that reads zero at zero pressure rather than at atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure is measured on a gauge that reads zero at atmospheric pressure.

Chemical Engineering

The force applied over a given area. Instrument gauges used to measure the pressure of fluids are either expressed as absolute pressure, which is measured above a vacuum, and gauge pressure, which is the pressure measured above atmospheric pressure, which is variable. The SI units are N m⁻² or pascals. Some gauges are calibrated in the Imperial units of psi (pounds force per square inch). Gauges used to measure a vacuum are expressed in torr.

单词	pressure
释义	pressure Physics The force acting normally on unit area of a surface or the ratio of force to area. It is measured in pascals in SI units. Absolute pressure is pressure measured on a gauge that reads zero at zero pressure rather than at atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure is measured on a gauge that reads zero at atmospheric pressure. Mathematics Force per unit area. The simplest situation to consider is when a force is uniformly distributed over a plane surface, the direction of the force being perpendicular to the surface. Suppose that a rectangular box, of length a and width b, has weight mg. Then the area of the base is ab, and the gravitational force creates a pressure of mg/(ab) acting at each point of the ground on which the box rests. Now consider a liquid of density ρ‎ at rest. The weight of liquid supported by a horizontal surface of area Δ‎A situated at a depth h is ρ‎(Δ‎A)hg. The resulting pressure (in excess of atmospheric pressure) at each point of this horizontal surface at a depth h is ρ‎gh. More general analysis, involving elemental regions, defines pressure as a scalar field in the liquid as a function of position and time. Pressure has dimensions ML⁻¹ T⁻², and the SI unit of measurement is the pascal. Chemistry The force acting normally on unit area of a surface or the ratio of force to area. It is measured in pascals in SI units. Absolute pressure is pressure measured on a gauge that reads zero at zero pressure rather than at atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure is measured on a gauge that reads zero at atmospheric pressure. Chemical Engineering The force applied over a given area. Instrument gauges used to measure the pressure of fluids are either expressed as absolute pressure, which is measured above a vacuum, and gauge pressure, which is the pressure measured above atmospheric pressure, which is variable. The SI units are N m⁻² or pascals. Some gauges are calibrated in the Imperial units of psi (pounds force per square inch). Gauges used to measure a vacuum are expressed in torr.
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