“electric field”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

electric field

Physics

A region in which an electric charge experiences a force usually because of a distribution of other charges. The electric field strength or electric intensity (E) at any point in an electric field is defined as the force per unit charge experienced by a small charge placed at that point. This is equivalent to a potential gradient along the field and is measured in volts per metre. The strength of the field can alternatively be described by its electric displacement D. The ratio D/E for measurements in a vacuum is the electric constant ε‎₀. In a substance the observed potential gradient is reduced by electron movement so that D/E appears to increase: the new ratio (ε‎) is called the permittivity of the substance. An electric field can be created by an isolated electric charge, in which case the field strength at a distance r from a point charge Q is given by E=Q/4π‎r²ε‎, where ε‎ is the permittivity of the intervening medium (see Coulomb’s law). An electric field can also be created by a changing magnetic field.

Mathematics

A vector field which exerts a force on any electrical charge at a given point. Electric fields which change with time influence local magnetic fields. See Maxwell’s equations.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

The space surrounding an electric charge or varying magnetic field in which another electric charge experiences a perceptible mechanical force. The charge acted upon by the field is assumed to be sufficiently small so that the electrical conditions are not altered by it. The electric field at a point is represented by a vector E and is measured in terms of the mechanical force per unit charge, with units volts per metre. The force, F, given by Coulomb’s law, is thus related to the field by:
$F = e E$
where e is the electron charge.
In one-dimensional scalar form, the potential difference between two points separated by a vector s (and a corresponding distance s) is related to the magnitude of the electric field by
$E = - \frac{d V}{d s}$
or in more general three-dimensional terms
$E = - \nabla V = - \frac{\partial V}{\partial x} i - \frac{\partial V}{\partial y} j - \frac{\partial V}{\partial z} k$
where i, j, and k are unit vectors along the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively.
https://academo.org/demos/electric-field-line-simulator/ An interactive electric field simulator

单词	electric field
释义	electric field Physics A region in which an electric charge experiences a force usually because of a distribution of other charges. The electric field strength or electric intensity (E) at any point in an electric field is defined as the force per unit charge experienced by a small charge placed at that point. This is equivalent to a potential gradient along the field and is measured in volts per metre. The strength of the field can alternatively be described by its electric displacement D. The ratio D/E for measurements in a vacuum is the electric constant ε‎₀. In a substance the observed potential gradient is reduced by electron movement so that D/E appears to increase: the new ratio (ε‎) is called the permittivity of the substance. An electric field can be created by an isolated electric charge, in which case the field strength at a distance r from a point charge Q is given by E=Q/4π‎r²ε‎, where ε‎ is the permittivity of the intervening medium (see Coulomb’s law). An electric field can also be created by a changing magnetic field. Mathematics A vector field which exerts a force on any electrical charge at a given point. Electric fields which change with time influence local magnetic fields. See Maxwell’s equations. Electronics and Electrical Engineering The space surrounding an electric charge or varying magnetic field in which another electric charge experiences a perceptible mechanical force. The charge acted upon by the field is assumed to be sufficiently small so that the electrical conditions are not altered by it. The electric field at a point is represented by a vector E and is measured in terms of the mechanical force per unit charge, with units volts per metre. The force, F, given by Coulomb’s law, is thus related to the field by: $F = e E$ where e is the electron charge. In one-dimensional scalar form, the potential difference between two points separated by a vector s (and a corresponding distance s) is related to the magnitude of the electric field by $E = - \frac{d V}{d s}$ or in more general three-dimensional terms $E = - \nabla V = - \frac{\partial V}{\partial x} i - \frac{\partial V}{\partial y} j - \frac{\partial V}{\partial z} k$ where i, j, and k are unit vectors along the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively. https://academo.org/demos/electric-field-line-simulator/ An interactive electric field simulator
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