“Downs process”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Downs process

Chemistry

A process for extracting sodium by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. The Downs cell has a central graphite anode surrounded by a cylindrical steel cathode. Chlorine released is led away through a hood over the anode. Molten sodium is formed at the cathode and collected through another hood around the top of the cathode cylinder (it is less dense than the sodium chloride). The two hoods and electrodes are separated by a coaxial cylindrical steel gauze. A small amount of calcium chloride is added to the sodium chloride to lower its melting point. The sodium chloride is melted electrically and kept molten by the current through the cell. More sodium chloride is added as the electrolysis proceeds. This process was invented by James Cloyd Downs (1885–1957) in 1922 and patented by him in 1924.

Chemical Engineering

A process used in the extraction of sodium by the electrolysis of a eutectic mixture of sodium chloride and calcium chloride at 580°C. The Downs cell has a central graphite anode and is surrounded by a cylindrical steel anode. Released chlorine is led away through a hood over the anode while molten sodium is formed and collected at the cathode. A small amount of calcium chloride is added, which lowers the melting point and (p. 114) the sodium chloride is kept molten electrically. Additional sodium chloride is added as it becomes exhausted. The process was invented by J. C. Downs in 1922.

单词	Downs process
释义	Downs process Chemistry A process for extracting sodium by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. The Downs cell has a central graphite anode surrounded by a cylindrical steel cathode. Chlorine released is led away through a hood over the anode. Molten sodium is formed at the cathode and collected through another hood around the top of the cathode cylinder (it is less dense than the sodium chloride). The two hoods and electrodes are separated by a coaxial cylindrical steel gauze. A small amount of calcium chloride is added to the sodium chloride to lower its melting point. The sodium chloride is melted electrically and kept molten by the current through the cell. More sodium chloride is added as the electrolysis proceeds. This process was invented by James Cloyd Downs (1885–1957) in 1922 and patented by him in 1924. Chemical Engineering A process used in the extraction of sodium by the electrolysis of a eutectic mixture of sodium chloride and calcium chloride at 580°C. The Downs cell has a central graphite anode and is surrounded by a cylindrical steel anode. Released chlorine is led away through a hood over the anode while molten sodium is formed and collected at the cathode. A small amount of calcium chloride is added, which lowers the melting point and (p. 114) the sodium chloride is kept molten electrically. Additional sodium chloride is added as it becomes exhausted. The process was invented by J. C. Downs in 1922.
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