Two space probes to the planet Mars, launched by the former Soviet Union in 1988 July. Contact was lost with Phobos 1 en route, but Phobos 2 went into orbit around Mars in 1989 January, studying the planet and its larger satellite, Phobos, although it failed before it could drop its instrumented landers on to the satellite’s surface.

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1988-058A NASA information page for Phobos 1.

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1988-059A NASA information page for Phobos 2.