“clay”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

clay

Chemistry

A fine-grained deposit consisting chiefly of clay minerals. It is characteristically plastic and virtually impermeable when wet and cracks when it dries out. In geology the size of the constituent particles is usually taken to be less than 1/256 mm. In soil science clay is regarded as a soil with particles less than 0.002 mm in size.

Biology

An inorganic constituent of soils consisting chiefly of clay minerals (mainly hydrous silicates of aluminium) in the form of particles less than 0.002 mm in diameter. See also flocculation.

Geology and Earth Sciences

1. In the Udden–Wentworth scale, particles less than 4 μ‎m in size. See particle size.
2. In pedology, a soil separate comprising mineral particles less than 2 μ‎m in diameter according to the Atterberg and USDA classifications.
3. Class of soil texture, irrespective of particle diameter but usually containing at least 20% by weight of clay particles. Compare clay minerals.

Geography

Mineral particles < 0.002 mm. When dry, clay is hard; when wet it swells and becomes pliable and sticky. Clay colloids are finely divided clays, dispersed in water, with a negative surface charge that attracts positively charged ions; they are among the most reactive constituents of a soil (W. van Olphen 1991). Clay micelles are individual particles, platey in form, < 2 µm in diameter, having a negative charge, and therefore able to attract cations within a soil; try Murrmann and Koutz in S. Reed, ed. (1972). The clay-humus complex is a mixture of clay particles and decaying organic material that attracts and holds the cations of soluble salts within the soil profile.

单词	clay
释义	clay Chemistry A fine-grained deposit consisting chiefly of clay minerals. It is characteristically plastic and virtually impermeable when wet and cracks when it dries out. In geology the size of the constituent particles is usually taken to be less than 1/256 mm. In soil science clay is regarded as a soil with particles less than 0.002 mm in size. Biology An inorganic constituent of soils consisting chiefly of clay minerals (mainly hydrous silicates of aluminium) in the form of particles less than 0.002 mm in diameter. See also flocculation. Geology and Earth Sciences 1. In the Udden–Wentworth scale, particles less than 4 μ‎m in size. See particle size. 2. In pedology, a soil separate comprising mineral particles less than 2 μ‎m in diameter according to the Atterberg and USDA classifications. 3. Class of soil texture, irrespective of particle diameter but usually containing at least 20% by weight of clay particles. Compare clay minerals. Geography Mineral particles < 0.002 mm. When dry, clay is hard; when wet it swells and becomes pliable and sticky. Clay colloids are finely divided clays, dispersed in water, with a negative surface charge that attracts positively charged ions; they are among the most reactive constituents of a soil (W. van Olphen 1991). Clay micelles are individual particles, platey in form, < 2 µm in diameter, having a negative charge, and therefore able to attract cations within a soil; try Murrmann and Koutz in S. Reed, ed. (1972). The clay-humus complex is a mixture of clay particles and decaying organic material that attracts and holds the cations of soluble salts within the soil profile.
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