“dialysis”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

dialysis

Chemistry

A method by which large molecules (such as starch or protein) and small molecules (such as glucose or amino acids) in solution may be separated by selective diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. For example, if a mixed solution of starch and glucose is placed in a closed container made of a semipermeable substance (such as Cellophane), which is then immersed in a beaker of water, the smaller glucose molecules will pass through the membrane into the water while the starch molecules remain behind. The cell membranes of living organisms are semipermeable, and dialysis takes place naturally in the kidneys for the excretion of nitrogenous waste. An artificial kidney (dialyser) utilizes the principle of dialysis by taking over the functions of diseased kidneys.

Chemical Engineering

The separation of molecules in a liquid by differences in their ability to pass through a semi-permeable membrane using osmotic pressure. Large molecules such as glucose or amino acids in an aqueous solution can be separated by diffusion across the membrane in which they move from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration. Smaller solutes and water are able to pass through the pores of the membrane and retain the larger molecules. The cells of living organisms are semi-permeable. The kidneys in the body are used for the excretion of nitrogenous waste. An artificial kidney also uses dialysis for the same purpose. Compare diafiltration.

Biology

A method by which large molecules (such as starch or protein) and small molecules (such as glucose or amino acids) in solution may be separated by selective diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. For example, if a mixed solution of starch and glucose is placed in a closed container made of a semipermeable substance (such as Cellophane), which is then immersed in a beaker of water, the smaller glucose molecules will pass through the membrane into the water while the starch molecules remain behind. The plasma membranes of living organisms are partially permeable, and dialysis takes place naturally in the kidneys for the excretion of nitrogenous waste. An artificial kidney (dialyser) utilizes the principle of dialysis by taking over the functions of diseased kidneys.

单词	dialysis
释义	dialysis Chemistry A method by which large molecules (such as starch or protein) and small molecules (such as glucose or amino acids) in solution may be separated by selective diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. For example, if a mixed solution of starch and glucose is placed in a closed container made of a semipermeable substance (such as Cellophane), which is then immersed in a beaker of water, the smaller glucose molecules will pass through the membrane into the water while the starch molecules remain behind. The cell membranes of living organisms are semipermeable, and dialysis takes place naturally in the kidneys for the excretion of nitrogenous waste. An artificial kidney (dialyser) utilizes the principle of dialysis by taking over the functions of diseased kidneys. Chemical Engineering The separation of molecules in a liquid by differences in their ability to pass through a semi-permeable membrane using osmotic pressure. Large molecules such as glucose or amino acids in an aqueous solution can be separated by diffusion across the membrane in which they move from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration. Smaller solutes and water are able to pass through the pores of the membrane and retain the larger molecules. The cells of living organisms are semi-permeable. The kidneys in the body are used for the excretion of nitrogenous waste. An artificial kidney also uses dialysis for the same purpose. Compare diafiltration. Biology A method by which large molecules (such as starch or protein) and small molecules (such as glucose or amino acids) in solution may be separated by selective diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. For example, if a mixed solution of starch and glucose is placed in a closed container made of a semipermeable substance (such as Cellophane), which is then immersed in a beaker of water, the smaller glucose molecules will pass through the membrane into the water while the starch molecules remain behind. The plasma membranes of living organisms are partially permeable, and dialysis takes place naturally in the kidneys for the excretion of nitrogenous waste. An artificial kidney (dialyser) utilizes the principle of dialysis by taking over the functions of diseased kidneys.
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