A group of American rebels in Pennsylvania, who were Scots-Irish frontiersmen from settlements round Paxton. In 1763, threatened by Pontiac ’s Rebellion and agitated by lack of colonial defence and political representation, they first massacred some Christian Native Americans and then marched on Philadelphia, where Franklin managed to pacify them. They were symptomatic of a long-term antagonism between frontier and coastal settlers, having many similarities with Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) and the Carolina Regulators (1768–71).