When the British left India in 1947, they partitioned the country, creating the separate countries of India and Pakistan to accommodate religious differences between Muslims and Hindus. Pakistan has a majority Muslim population and India is primarily Hindu. See M. Hasan (1994) for a collection of essays, extracts, memoirs, and a short story to create an outline of the events preceding and surrounding India’s Partition.

http://postcolonialstudies.emory.edu/partition-of-india/#ixzz2r27reITR Partition in postcolonial studies.