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单词 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
释义
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Geography
  • Constituted in 1961, this is a group of nations, comprising most of western Europe, together with Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Iceland, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, South Korea and the USA, and formed to develop strategies which will boost the economic and social welfare of the member states. See OECD (2005) Regions at a Glance (ISBN 9789264018631). An OECD report of October 2007 (ISBN 9789264037809) concludes that ‘region-specific advantages—embedded in specialized firms, skilled labour, and innovation capacity—will maintain the competitiveness of OECD regions, thus seeming to contradict the hypothesis that globalization reduces the importance of geographical proximity in business’.


World History
  • An organization of industrialized countries, established in 1961, and based in Paris, which seeks to promote coordination of economic and social policies among members, to make resources of capital and training available to developing countries, to contribute to the expansion of world trade, and to foster cooperation in fields such as education, energy, and transport. It was created as a replacement for the Organization for European Economic Cooperation, which had been formed in 1948 by those countries receiving aid under the Marshall Plan. In 2020 its members were Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the UK, and the USA. The OECD prepares an influential annual report on the economy of each member country.


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