“Olbers’ paradox”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Olbers’ paradox

Physics

If the universe is infinite, uniform, and unchanging the sky at night would be bright, as in whatever direction one looked one would eventually see a star. The number of stars would increase in proportion to the square of the distance from the earth; the intensity of light reaching the earth from a given star is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Consequently, the whole sky should be about as bright as the sun. The paradox, that this is not the case, was stated by Heinrich Olbers (1758–1840) in 1826. (It had been discussed earlier, in 1744, by J. P. L. Chesaux.) The paradox is resolved by the fact that, according to the big-bang theory, the universe is not infinite, not uniform, and not unchanging. For instance, light from the most distant galaxies displays an extreme redshift and ceases to be visible.

Astronomy

The apparent contradiction between the simple observation that the night sky is dark and the theoretical expectation that an infinite, static Universe, filled more or less uniformly with stars and galaxies, should be as bright as the surface of a star. The first correct discussion of this paradox was published in 1744 by the Swiss astronomer (Jean) Philippe Loys de Chéseaux (1718–51); H. W. M. Olbers published his discussion of it in 1826. The paradox can be resolved by identifying its incorrect assumptions. Most important of these is that, as shown by the Big Bang theory, the Universe is not infinite, having come into being around 15 billion years ago. An additional, less important, effect is that the expansion of the Universe weakens the light from distant galaxies, but this on its own cannot fully explain the paradox.

单词	Olbers’ paradox
释义	Olbers’ paradox Physics If the universe is infinite, uniform, and unchanging the sky at night would be bright, as in whatever direction one looked one would eventually see a star. The number of stars would increase in proportion to the square of the distance from the earth; the intensity of light reaching the earth from a given star is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Consequently, the whole sky should be about as bright as the sun. The paradox, that this is not the case, was stated by Heinrich Olbers (1758–1840) in 1826. (It had been discussed earlier, in 1744, by J. P. L. Chesaux.) The paradox is resolved by the fact that, according to the big-bang theory, the universe is not infinite, not uniform, and not unchanging. For instance, light from the most distant galaxies displays an extreme redshift and ceases to be visible. Astronomy The apparent contradiction between the simple observation that the night sky is dark and the theoretical expectation that an infinite, static Universe, filled more or less uniformly with stars and galaxies, should be as bright as the surface of a star. The first correct discussion of this paradox was published in 1744 by the Swiss astronomer (Jean) Philippe Loys de Chéseaux (1718–51); H. W. M. Olbers published his discussion of it in 1826. The paradox can be resolved by identifying its incorrect assumptions. Most important of these is that, as shown by the Big Bang theory, the Universe is not infinite, having come into being around 15 billion years ago. An additional, less important, effect is that the expansion of the Universe weakens the light from distant galaxies, but this on its own cannot fully explain the paradox.
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